2014, two distinguished Western statesmen reported a prevailing belief in Beijing that America’s China policy revolves around “Five to’s”: “to isolate China, to contain China, to diminish China, to internally divide China, and to sabotage China’s leadership.”57 These perceptions lead to a belief that realizing China’s dreams will ultimately require a test of strength. The CCP faces a “new long march” in its relations with America, said Xi in 2019—a dangerous struggle for supremacy and survival.
