left. Survivors’ understanding of their abjection and resulting lack of security sparked their flights from home, stretching out the upheaval vigilantes brought. White neighbors, doctors, and law enforcement officials who provided little to no help revealed themselves, at best, as passive witnesses to survivors’ suffering or, at worst, accomplices or actual perpetrators, rendering night-riding victims’ worlds even less secure than they had previously imagined. “Nobody there seemed to have no use for us—[we had] no old friends,” one South Carolina man explained of the lack of patrons,
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