Amid the stresses generated by our culture, even educated middle-class parents are challenged to provide these needs—if they are even aware of them: Soothing perinatal experience Prompt responsiveness to the needs of the infant and prevention of distress Extensive touch and constant physical presence, including touch with movement (carrying and holding) Frequent, infant-initiated breastfeeding for two to five years, with four as the average weaning age A community of multiple, warm, responsive adult caregivers A climate of positive social support (for mother and infant) Creative free play in
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