A translation surgically alters the text’s identity, insisting upon a foreign linguistic DNA, requiring a transfusion of alternate grammar and syntax. The generational bond between texts is indisputable. One descends from the other, and thus they remain connected, as distinct as they may be. Translation is an act of doubling and converting, and the resulting transformation is precarious, debatable even in its final form. Starnone’s text remains the parent that spawned this translation, but somewhere along the road to its English incarnation, it also became a ghost.
