If the 1690s were a formative decade for white Christian nationalism—and its holy trinity of freedom, order, and violence—then the 1890s were a transformative one. There were two catalysts for this transformation: the closing of the American frontier and the beginning of the American Empire. The result of the transformation was threefold: changed understandings of whiteness, divine providence, and national identity. The spirit of 1690 was reborn as WASP Imperialism.
Second transformation similar to 1690 but 200 years later with Spanish American War...America's bsginning of ijmperialist period.
