In exile, Locke penned his famous Letter Concerning Toleration in 1685. It was first published anonymously in Latin in Gouda in 1689, with a subsequent English translation published in London. The Dutch air had a radicalizing effect on Locke, whose views developed from an almost Hobbesian position arguing for religious unity as essential for social peace to asserting in his Letter that “neither Pagan, nor Mahumetan, nor Jew, ought to be excluded from the Civil Rights of the Commonwealth, because of his Religion.”
