the signatories committed themselves to “employ the full resources, military or economic” against the members of the Axis with which they were already at war, to cooperate with the other Allied powers, and not to make a separate peace. The declaration was initially signed by Roosevelt, Churchill, Litvinov on behalf of the Soviets, and Hu Shih for China. It was then countersigned by twenty-two other nations the following day to demonstrate that the war “was being waged for freedom of small nations as well as great.”
