In their victimology, ‘Hindus have been subordinate for centuries, and their masculinity insulted, in part because they have not been aggressive and violent enough’ (ibid.: 85). Pacifism was seen as part of the problem, according to this narrative, and this led to the assassination of Gandhi by former RSS member Nathuram Godse. In the West today, fantasies of persecution and humiliated masculinity are the driving force behind so-called ‘Incels’, a movement of involuntarily celibate men who think they are entitled to sex and trade on ‘a sense of male victimhood’ (Ebner 2020: 64).
