The Haitian strongman François “Papa Doc” Duvalier propped a headless corpse at a street corner in Port-au-Prince for three days with a sign reading “renegade.”20 Almost all adopted a menacing rhetoric to spread anxiety and discourage challenges. Iraq’s Saddam Hussein spoke of “cutting off necks” and “evildoers … who have thrust their poisoned dagger into our back.”21 Spain’s Franco warned of “internal subversion” by an enemy who “lies in wait for opportunities to penetrate.”
