Requirements engineering has placed less emphasis on the experiences of individual users, recognizing that in many systems, the key requirements may be associated with “stakeholders” who are not always users themselves. Indeed, in many such systems, users and operators are best treated as components of the designed system that fulfill requirements in collaboration with software and hardware. The requirements of a traffic light system, for example, are to achieve safe and efficient flow of traffic, and the individual drivers are relevant only to the extent that the design must account for their
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