Presumably this is why Apple changed the behavior of all its applications (in OS X Lion, 2011) so that changes are written to disk from the start, and “saving” to a file just entails naming the file. In other words, the purposeless editor buffer concept was eliminated.55 With buffers gone, the save-as action (in which the contents of the buffer were saved to a new file of a given name) no longer made sense; users were now expected to duplicate the file and rename it (Figure 5.3).56