Friedrich Engels watched the money and the misery pile up in equal measure, though by no means equally distributed. In 1845 he published The Condition of the Working Class in England. A horde of ragged women and children, as filthy as the swine that thrives upon the garbage heaps and puddles – neither drains nor pavements – standing pools in all directions – the dark smoke of factory chimneys. A measureless filth and stench.