As a matter of interpretation, analyzing any constitutional clause without straining it through the Fourteenth Amendment’s guarantee of equal protection and due process, or the Fifteenth Amendment’s distribution of the voting franchise, is an exercise of intellectual apartheid. Without the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments (and the Nineteenth Amendment, which finally acknowledged women’s fundamental right to vote), the Constitution is a violent piece of shit that can be used to justify or allow the legalized supremacy of white men over all others.
