The dangers and discomforts of traveling long distances like this were, of course, part of the penitential purpose. Earning God’s forgiveness was not supposed to be easy. But they also presented a golden business opportunity. Many centuries earlier, when Rome had been at the peak of its imperial power, the Roman roads that crisscrossed the empire were lined with purpose-built mansiones—effectively service stations for imperial officials that included stabling, overnight facilities, and hospitality. Now, along the pilgrim routes, there sprang a similar need.35 The Cluniacs recognized it and
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