The second great expedition, much larger than da Gama’s, was captained by Pedro Álvares Cabral, who in 1500–1 undertook a massive sea voyage, first to the coast of Brazil, then east to the Cape of Good Hope, and on via Mozambique to Calicut and another point on India’s Malabar Coast: the kingdom of Cochin. Cabral and his crew came back somewhat battered by storms and running battles fought against Arab merchants in India, who resented the newcomers. But they were laden with spices, which were sold at a huge profit in Europe.

