in September 1535, Philip agreed the Treaty of Arras with Charles VII. He withdrew all his support for the English in France, repudiated the claim of the young English king Henry VI to call himself king of France, and joined a coalition of powers all vigorously hostile to England, including the kingdoms of Scotland and Castile. It was a stunning blow, from which the English cause would not recover. It led eventually to their final defeat in the Hundred Years War, at the battle of Castillon in 1453. So in the short and even the medium term, the Treaty of Arras was a potent demonstration of the
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