There were major European plague outbreaks in 1361 and 1369, during the 1370s and again in the 1390s. (The last of these attacks seemed to strike particularly hard at boys and young men.) These secondary waves were not as severe as the first, but they caused widespread misery and mortality all the same, and prevented any rebound in population numbers, which remained depressed until the end of the Middle Ages and beyond. So the Black Death was by no means a one-off event, even in simple epidemiological terms. It was a long, drawn-out pandemic that killed around half the people in Europe and
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