The Zambian Ambassador to the UN had previously worked as a pediatrician in Lusaka, her country’s capital, treating children with HIV. She spoke about the powerful impact of President George W. Bush’s multibillion-dollar anti-AIDS program, which had successfully slowed the devastating spread of the disease. “Before PEPFAR,” she said, “there was nothing I could do to help my babies.” New HIV infections in Zambia had been cut in half since the program’s inception in 2003.

