This has had a massive effect on (for instance) our reading of the vital passage in Romans 3, as I have suggested in the book and in a more detailed article in the Festschrift for Richard Bauckham.6 In Romans 3:23 Paul says that “all sinned and fell short of God’s glory.” But in the Bible, the divine glory is the glory revealed in the temple. Here Paul takes the same kind of charge leveled against Israel in Ezekiel 8:7–13 (as echoed in Rom. 1:23) and Psalm 106 and applies it to the whole human race. So, when the solution has been offered, Paul expresses the result precisely in cultic language:
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