Ironically, according to Ellul, a city that is built to stand apart from God does not make humans freer; it makes them less human. The city is “a world for which man was not made.”12 In our own discussion we’ve seen this principle at work in anthropology. To the degree that the contemporary anthropology centers existence on the individual person, it creates an environment that’s actually less conducive to human life. Ellul ominously concludes, “The very fact of living in the city directs a man down an inhuman road.”13
