Doyle’s defensive posture anticipated a time when the public judged how warfare was conducted, even counterinsurgent war. But it mattered more that he barely mentioned the indigenous Black population because not enough of his opponents considered their treatment relevant. More than 100,000 of them had been forced into a separate camp system, and 20,000 died, most of them children. On both sides of the international struggle over the morality of the war, pro-Boer and pro-British, the treatment of Africans went almost entirely ignored, though it was generally far worse.