all you need to do is concoct a situation in which people sometimes have a particular conscious experience, and at other times do not, while making sure that these conditions are otherwise as closely matched as possible. Given such a situation, you then compare activity in the brain between the two conditions, using brain imaging methods such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) or electroencephalography (EEG).* The brain activity specific to the “conscious” condition reflects the NCC for that particular experience.
