Chalmers contrasts this hard problem of consciousness with the so-called easy problem—or easy problems—which have to do with explaining how physical systems, like brains, can give rise to any number of functional and behavioral properties. These functional properties include things like processing sensory signals, selection of actions and the control of behavior, paying attention, the generation of language, and so on. The easy problems cover all the things that beings like us can do and that can be specified in terms of a function—how an input is transformed into an output—or in terms of a
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