is also well known how empire is responsible for many of our intractable international disputes and crises, with Kwasi Kwarteng describing in Ghosts of Empire six cases where its impact is still felt most acutely – Iraq, Nigeria, Sudan, Hong Kong, Kashmir and Burma – the Tory politician going as far as to argue that ‘much of the instability in the world is a product of its legacy of individualism and haphazard policy-making’.

