Participants in these civil wars are not primarily demanding redistribution and social equality; they are fighting for or against inclusion in the political community. That the new political community is constituted in the course of anticolonial resistance is clearly an unreasonable presumption. So the question must be asked anew at independence: Who belongs to the political community? Who is the citizen and who is the sojourner? This question short circuits the social question; it is prior to it.
