They “refused to issue entry paperwork and fought a stubborn battle of attrition with parts of the military.” Paperclip director Bosquet Wev was unapologetic: “Nazism should no longer be a serious consideration from the point of view of national security when the far greater threat of communism is now jeopardizing the entire world,” he explained. Only in 1947 was the impasse overcome, after General George Marshall, the newly appointed secretary of state, ordered that national security would take priority over denazification.

