The historian David Lindberg provides a partial list of experimenters at work before the Scientific Revolution that stretches from the ancient Roman Empire to Islamic Persia through the European Middle Ages, including, among many others, Ptolemy, Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen), Kamāl al-Dīn, Theodoric of Freiberg, Rabbi Levi ben Gershon, Johannes de Muris, and Paul of Taranto.
