Nowhere is this more true than for nuts such as almonds, where the amount of calories absorbed is a full 30 percent less than those generated from a bomb calorimeter; in fact, some manufacturers are now ratcheting down the labeling of caloric content of their products specifically to reflect this fact. But, of course, we didn’t know the intestinal microbiome even existed back in 1916. We do now, but the dietitians have not changed their math, methodology, or message.

