Fructose! Fructose is the most egregious cause of liver insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome because of how the liver uniquely metabolizes it. Fructose isn’t glucose—when eaten, it doesn’t raise the blood glucose level (it’s not measured in the glucose assay). In fact, by definition, it’s low-GI, because it has no glucose. Still, this hasn’t stopped the food industry from trying to capitalize on the low-GI craze by adding fructose to foods.

