The Philippines had been down this anti-American road before. Like many developing countries, it loved baseball hats, green cards, Disney, and aid money but resented being told what to do and the sense of being beholden to a foreign country. Duterte’s sudden switch of policy was less the grinding of global tectonic plates and more a symptom of unpredictable democracy and the Philippines’ own haphazard way of doing things. In March 2016, less than six months before dramatically shifting his allegiance from the United States to China, Manila and Washington, DC, had signed the Enhanced Defense
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