Political scientist and statistician Dr. Simon Jackman explains the problem that is actually at the core of gerrymandering: that it creates wasted votes. “Wasted votes are votes for a party in excess of what the party needed to win a given district or votes cast for a party in districts that the party doesn’t win. Differences in wasted vote rates between political parties measure the extent of partisan gerrymandering.”12 Translation: gerrymandering intentionally runs up the number of people in a district who have no say in how they are governed.