The program was tailored to each recipient country and, through data-driven processes, adapted at the local level to local conditions. The government of each country had to take responsibility (and this, in turn, had the unexpected benefit of strengthening the role of U.S. embassies and ambassadors). Sustaining PEPFAR over such a prolonged period was critical to its success and allowed countries to build stronger institutions and capacity. Finally, strong accountability and transparency won support for the program.

