Enter U.S. shale gas. First it eliminated the need for LNG in the United States, leading exporters to redirect some of their LNG to Europe. Then the export of LNG from the United States reinforced the shift toward competition in Europe—with U.S. gas, along with other LNG supplies, competing head-to-head with Russian gas. European buyers now had multiple options and choices, which meant diversification of supply—the keystone of energy security. “We have had many historical challenges with Russia,” said Lithuania’s energy minister. But now, as a result of the opening of the country’s LNG
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