for example, I wanted to find out whether all of the women who’d eaten potato salad had become ill compared to the men who had eaten it, I would have to sort the cards for all people who ate potato salad, then for all of the females and males. Then I would have to sort those cards for the females who ate potato salad and were ill. Cards would end up strewn all over the place. The whole business was very tedious. Nowadays, we put the information directly into a computer, enter a few instructions, and obtain the answers in a few seconds.

