These examples demonstrate that by leveraging the power of the whole genome to examine thousands of independent positions in the genome simultaneously, it is possible to get beyond the barrier that Molly Przeworski had identified—“Przeworski’s Limit”—by taking advantage of information that we now have about a large number of genetic variations at many locations in the genome that have similar biological effects. We have such information from “genome-wide association studies,” which since 2005 have collected data from more than one million people with a variety of measured traits, thereby
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