There are entire libraries of research about learning, and if we want to be effective teachers, we should know some of the basics. A good starting place is the seven “learning principles” identified by pedagogical researchers in the influential book How Learning Works: • Students’ prior knowledge can help or hinder learning. • How students organize knowledge influences how they learn and apply what they know. • Students’ motivation determines, directs, and sustains what they do learn. • To develop mastery, students must acquire component skills, practice integrating them, and know when to
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