Contrary to the popular discourse about snowflakes overly protected by helicopter parents and society’s trophy-for-showing-up cult of self-esteem, academic entitlement most frequently manifests in students who are fearful, feel helpless, and who are “harboring doubt about their abilities.”54 Studies show that it is consistently associated with a student’s belief in an external locus of control over academic achievement.55 Many students believe that the power to do well in any one class depends not on their own individual effort or behavioral self-regulation or increasing their own skills but
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