Stevenson (1974c) distinguished between recitative xenoglossy and responsive xenoglossy. Recitative xenoglossy is the use of unlearned language in a rote, uncomprehending fashion. Responsive xenoglossy is the ability to understand and converse intelligibly in an unlearned language. Spontaneous cases of past-life memory supply examples of both recitative and responsive xenoglossy. In addition, spontaneous cases furnish examples of a variety of unconscious influences on speech production that I have termed passive xenoglossy (Haraldsson
