Mary the color scientist. Imagine Mary who knows everything there is to know about vision and its physical processes in the brain; she knows about color, about wavelengths in the light spectrum and about all the different neural computations involved in the brain. The one caveat is that Mary has lived all of her life in a black-and-white room and has never actually seen any color. Isn’t it obvious that Mary would still learn something, namely the experience of seeing red, when seeing it for the first time?
