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China had released a massive three-part strategy aimed at achieving very clear benchmarks of advances in AI. First, by 2020, China planned to match the highest levels of AI technology and application capabilities in the US or anywhere else in the world. Second, by 2025, they intend to capture a verifiable lead over all countries in the development and production of core AI technologies, including voice- and visual-recognition systems. Last, by 2030, China intends to dominantly lead all countries in all aspects and related fields of AI.3 To be the sole leader, the world’s unquestioned and
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Whoever becomes the leader in this sphere will become the ruler of the world.
Philosophically, intellectually—in every way—human society is unprepared for the rise of artificial intelligence.
In the age of artificial intelligence, second place will be of an ever-diminishing and distant value.
Most conversations about artificial intelligence, whether in auditoriums, offices, or coffee shops, either begin or end with one or more of the following questions: 1.What exactly is AI? 2.What aspects of our lives will be changed by it? 3.Which of those changes will be beneficial and which of them harmful? 4.Where do the nations of the world stand in relation to one another, especially China and Russia? 5.And, what can we do to ensure that AI is only used in legal, moral, and ethical ways?
It’s enough only to recognize that computer programming languages are, for all intents and purposes, legitimate languages unto themselves—and undeniably useful as secondary languages going into the future.
Modern transistors are made of silicon, which, behind oxygen, is our planet’s second most abundant element.
The only alternative to brute force, then, is for a computer to evaluate the strategies of Go by thinking more like a human—in other words, to evaluate current conditions in the context of all of its experiences. And that’s where modern machine learning applications first came into the picture.
“What surprised me the most was that AlphaGo showed us that moves humans may have thought are creative were actually conventional.”30 Fan Hui, the European champion who had been the first to lose to AlphaGo, also reflected, “Maybe AlphaGo can just show humans something we never discovered. Maybe it’s beautiful.”
To truly understand AI, it’s therefore crucial to first understand the essence of data.
Regardless of how objective, unbiased, or enlightened we think we are, each of us has underlying, unconscious tendencies and tastes—right along with aversions and distastes—that define who we are and influence to some extent most everything we think and do.
If this capsule history of our progress teaches us anything, it is that man, in his quest for knowledge and progress, is determined and cannot be deterred. The exploration of space will go ahead, whether we join in it or not, and it is one of the great adventures of all time, and no nation which expects to be the leader of other nations can expect to stay behind in the race for space.
We choose to go to the moon. We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard, because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills, because that challenge is one that we are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone, and one which we intend to win, and the others, too.
Given the company’s ties to China’s party-state government, however, and its apparent legal obligations to the Chinese intelligence agencies, many countries see Huawei as a potential security threat and fear that any network reliant upon Huawei’s 5G technology would be profoundly compromising—if not immediately, then at some point in the future.
There’s no reason to believe Xi’s administration won’t continue to do so with AI-enhanced weapons systems, especially considering its intent to expand its sphere of technological and economic influence, as discussed throughout this and the previous chapter.
And we are establishing the UK as a world leader in Artificial Intelligence, building on the success of British companies like DeepMind.
But in the end, the future demands we make moral decisions as we begin to build a world that is truly safe and sustainable, one where humans and AI can truly coexist together.
If this book contributes in any way to a better understanding of AI and an enhanced appreciation of its significance, then I’ll have accomplished my mission. It’s time for another awakening, a public awareness, and a conscientious consensus. Those who one day look back upon these times should not be left wishing our eyes had been more open.
