Likewise, any black presuming to “intrude himself” into a church service or public conveyance segregated for whites only could suffer the same punishment. The state found a convenient ruse of equality here, though, by providing the same punishment for any white who would likewise intrude into a segregated black space—the obvious reality being that, in an anti-black, racist society, such segregation was exactly what whites wanted, while blacks counted it exclusion.25
