found. Here is where the real beauty of the inferential method shines through. Only if your obtained value is more extreme than what would happen by chance (meaning that the result of the test statistic is not a result of some chance fluctuation) can you say that any differences you obtained are not due to chance and that the equality stated by the null hypothesis is not the most attractive explanation for any differences you might have found. Instead, the differences are more likely due to the treatment or whatever your independent variable is. If the obtained value does not exceed the
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