threats to critical thinking. The first threat comes when any powerful framework for understanding our world (such as a political or religious view) becomes so impenetrable to change and so rigidly adhered to that it obfuscates any divergent type of thought, even when the latter is evidence-based or morally based. The second threat that Edmundson observes is the total absence of any developed personal belief system in many of our young people, who either do not know enough about past systems of thought (e.g., contributions by Sigmund Freud, Charles Darwin, or Noam Chomsky) or who are too
...more
