Government enforcement of the new legislation was also increasingly met with organized resistance and violent backlash on the part of disaffected whites. Sociologists Doug McAdam and Karina Kloos call this the “white resistance movement,” and argue that it developed first in the South in the early 1960s, then spread to the rest of the country in the mid- to late 1960s, “in opposition to the African American freedom struggle in both its traditional civil rights and increasingly threatening ‘black power’ incarnations.”129
