one of the most successful recent initiatives was the International Campaign to Ban Landmines in the 1990s. The latter campaign started with six nongovernmental organizations in 1992 and grew to involve roughly 1,000 such NGOs from sixty countries.30 The group “successfully reframed landmines into a humanitarian and moral issue rather than a purely military matter” and, with support from the Canadian government, took its campaign to an ad hoc forum that adopted “a landmine-ban treaty in December 1997, barely five years after the campaign for a ban was initiated.”31
