Global supply chains crisscross the world, and few countries remain isolated. Even the DPRK, which has been subjected to significant United Nations sanctions, has found ways to circumvent them, thus limiting their overall effectiveness. For example, the DPRK relied heavily on reverse engineering for its rocket designs; support from Egypt in the 1970s; likely, additional support from the Soviet Union and then Russia in the 1980s and 1990s;46 and other external sources of technology over more than forty-five years.
