The Irrational Ape: Why Flawed Logic Puts us all at Risk and How Critical Thinking Can Save the World

by David Robert Grimes

This is frequently seen in a related fallacy known as begging the question.29 In question-begging, the conclusion whose proof is being attempted is contained in the premises of the argument, rendering the entire statement an exercise in tautology. On deep-seated ideological issues, it can be readily abused as the begged question often aligns with the views being courted.