according to Imam Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq, the invocation is the sole practice that should be performed in all circumstances and at all times, there being no limit placed on its practice: ‘Everything has a limit, at which it terminates, except the dhikr Allāh. God has made obligatory the religious duties (al-farāʾiḍ), so whoever fulfils them, that fulfilment constitutes their limit. For the month of Ramaḍān, whoever fasts therein, that constitutes its limit...’ He proceeds to mention other rites, and then cites the Qur’ānic verse: ‘O ye who believe, invoke God with much invocation’, and adds that his
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