“In our conversation of 9 February 1951,” Dulles wrote, “I outlined to you the possibilities of augmenting the usual interrogation methods by the use of drugs, hypnosis, shock, etc., and emphasized the defensive aspects as well as the offensive opportunities in this field of applied medical science. The enclosed folder, ‘Interrogation Techniques,’ was prepared by my Medical Division to provide you with a suitable background.” Dulles added that this “augmenting” could only be carried out overseas because many of its aspects were “not permitted by the United States government (i.e., anthrax
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