Invisible Women: Data Bias in a World Designed for Men

by Caroline Criado Pérez

because women aren’t seen and aren’t remembered, because male data makes up the majority of what we know, what is male comes to be seen as universal. It leads to the positioning of women, half the global population, as a minority. With a niche identity and a subjective point of view.

They didn’t deliberately set out to exclude women. They just didn’t think about them. They

There is no such thing as a woman who doesn’t work. There is only a woman who isn’t paid for her work.

US men manage to find over an hour more spare time per day to rest than their female counterparts,

‘We have noticed that women who have bypass surgery tend to go right back into their caregiver roles, while men were more likely to have someone to look after them,’ explained lead researcher Colleen Norris.

2010 Swedish study found that a mother’s future earnings increase by an average of 7% for every month of leave taken by the father.103

Research has found that nurses are subjected to ‘more acts of violence than police officers or prison guards’.

But despite its prevalence, workplace violence in healthcare is ‘an under-reported, ubiquitous, and persistent problem that has been tolerated and largely ignored’.

The US has the highest maternal mortality rate in the developed world, but the problem is particularly acute for African Americans.